1、 Maintaining optimal charge and temperature conditions, using battery management systems, and incorporating new design strategies could potentially offset this problem.The expansion of lithium-ion batteries, an often unexpected and unwelcomed phenomenon, is primarily attributed to the chemical processes occurring within the cells， These branch-like structures may reach the cathode, causing a short circuit and trigger thermal runaway, an undesirable condition that can escalate into battery failure. Additionally, excessive usage at high temperatures or overcharging may lead to the breakdown of the battery's electrolyte, a process called thermal runaway， Furthermore, ongoing research suggests the use of solid-state electrolytes and advanced electrode materials could potentially minimize thermal runaway and dendrite formation, leading to safer and more effective lithium-ion batteries.

    2、 During charging and discharging cycles, lithium ions shuttle back and forth between the cathode and the anode. However, in certain circumstances, this constant increase and decrease in size can instigate microscopic damages to the anode's protective layer, allowing lithium to interact directly with the electrolytes, fostering the formation of lithium dendrites， This reaction results in the production of heat and gas, causing swelling or, in extreme cases, rupture or combustion. This movement causes the electrodes to expand and contract, a natural response to the electrical current and the intercalation of ions.